Noah drew



Patented July 1%6, 1867.

N'. DREW.

Churn;

` W/ TNESSES.'

fitte'.

@einen gisten strut GHURNS.

Lite Sulphate nitriet tu iu time hitters itnrt mit mating tnt nt tte' entre.

TO ALLWHOM I'l MAYA CONOERN:

Be it known that I, NOAH DREW, 'of Howell, in the county of Livingston, and-State of Michigan, have invented certain new and useful improvements in Chur-ns; and I do hereby dcclarethatthe followingis a full, clear, and exact description ofthe same, reference being had to the annexed drawings, making a part of this specification, in which- Figure 1 is a perspective view.

Figure 2 is a vertical section. v

Figure 3 isa cross-section of a flasher-wing.

Similar letters indicate corresponding parts in all the figures.

My invention relates partly to an improved construction and arrangement of dasher-wings` or blades for churningvthe cream in a very quick and eifective manner; also to certain devices,-which I term shielded hooks, operated in connection with the churn-handles, for more readily fastening and liberating the cover, and other improvements in details, the several parts being constructed and arranged in the manner I am now about Y to describe.

I generally construct the receptacle for the cream of staves, hooped togethei in the ordinary barrel form, as exhibited at A, two dashers, B C, secured 'a proper distance'apart, at and near the lower end of the staff S, being securedagainst shoulders formed by an enlargement of said staff, and operated up and down inside the barrel in the manner of a commonbarrel-'cihurn dasher.

In my peculiar arrangement, of dasher-wings considerable friction or resistanee'to their vertical motion in the cream is produced; consequently when the staff of the dashers cannot readily be operated by any but handpower, I employ a lever, L, which is" connected to au arm, D, by what I term a detachable rule-joint, allowing parallelism of motion, to be more particularly described hereinafter. i

I construct my two dashers with radial wings or blades, e, the wings of one dasher boing set or fastened to the stati` immediately over or opposite the spaces or intervals in the other. I hollowout or chamfer thesewings on both sides, as seen' in tig.. 3, and make any desired number. of angular perforations,p, through the deeper central parts. Such perforations or holes should be alternately in opposite directions, at angles which may beneficially approximatefortydive degrees of inclination.

My devices for securing and detaehing Vthe barrel-cover and working-lever, which I will now describe, I

consider to be great improvements on all modes heretofore known, withA which I am familiar, for facilitating the:`

many manipulationsincidental to buttermaking,as willimore fully appear.

The handles by which the churn is carried4 are indicated at E, of cast metal, usually resembling in form the modern i pulls for drawers. In the central boss a, a recess, r, is sunk from the inside to receive a head on the long shank of'a hook, H,lwith freedom to move up and down a definite distance. Each handle is fur-v nished with one of these hooks, the long andA short Shanks ofwhich slide up and down in loop-bearings m, as seen formed in or attached to the upper bandb. I so arrange thesehooks in relation with the handles and band, that when they are drawn up as far as the recess permits, the points of the short'legs will not be clear of the band-loop bearings, so as to turn outwards, but are free to turn, through slotted passageways in the barrel, over the cover F, to hold it downen each side against a shoulder, formed by turning a reha-te inside the barrel. This arrangement necessitates a metal cover, li, which I usually make of thin cast iron, with a rim projecting downwards to strengthen it, and make ajoint with the shoulder aforesaid. I cup it deeply around thestaif, and makev the upper surface slightly spherical, so that the hooks will act on it wedge-fashion, and I usually furnish it with wire handles, n, and shallow creases, to spring the points of the hooks into, so that they cannot be shaken back.

My mode of jointing the lever is by attaching to its end` a'pair ofjoint straps, M, slotted and shaped in such manner as to hook on or oii` a fast pivot, t', in the arm D, but only when the lever is turned back past the working are of vibration, leaving suicient play lengthwise to permit rectilinear motion to the dasherfstaif.

The operation is as follows: Cream being placed in the ehurn-barrel v and the several operative parts con-A nected and secured as seen in iig. 1, the operator works the lever up and down, when the attrition and agitation produced by the crossed currents of cream passing through the angular holes, especially in the interval between the two .dashers, 'where the opposugeurrents collide With each other and 'with the air-particles forced by the hollow side chamfers ot the wings, very greatly hasten the development and perfect formation of the butter. When the churning is nished, the pin j connecting the dasher-statt' with the lever is removed, and the lever thrown over and extric'ated from 'the side pivot of the arm. The shield-hooks are now partially revolved in the. loop bearings of the long stems s, until the points ofthe short ones strike against the sides of their loops on the band, 'when they are pushed down and secured out of the way so that they cannot catch in the dress or injure theA hands of the operator while gathering the butter or washing the barrel, after the cover is lifted off by its handles L. Y

I do not claim'broadly making oblique apertures or grooves in the @Lasher-Wings, for they have been used before under di'erent conditions from mine; lbut what I claim, and desire to secure by Letters Patent, is-

1. The employment of two dashers, B and C, having chamfered and perforated Wings e, constructed'and arranged relatively with each other on one staff, substantially in the manner herein described.

2. The employment of revolving shield-hooks H, in combination with loop bearings m, and recessed handles E, substantially as and for the purpose herein specified.

3. Hanging the lever L by the use of slotted straps M, in combination with a fast pivot,z', projecting from each side of the'arm D, substantially as and for the uses set forth.

- NOAH DREW.

Witnesses:

' C. T. 000K,

OTTO L. JOHNSON; 

